To fight against imaginary problems or enemies.
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To fight against imaginary enemies or waste energy on battles that do not exist or cannot be won.
When you tilt at windmills, you are attacking or opposing something that is not a real threat, based on a misunderstanding of the situation.
It comes from Don Quixote and is used for futile, misguided battles.
"Fight a Losing Battle"
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Persisting in a real struggle that cannot be won, despite the clear odds against you
"Chasing Ghosts"
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Pursuing something that does not exist or that has already passed, wasting time and effort
"Tilt at Windmills"
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Wasting effort fighting imaginary or non-existent problems based on a misunderstanding